Citations,
End Notes, and Bibliographic References |
A student
learns and gathers information from many different sources when conducting research.
Information sources might be books, magazines, newspapers, encyclopedias, websites,
videos, atlases, personal interviews, letters, CDs, original manuscripts, religious books, court cases, plays, or even poems. When using
information or ideas in a report or essay, the student must acknowledge where they found
the idea through end notes and a bibliography.
At the elementary school level only
the most common examples are necessary. College guides are used to create
examples here. If you use a source not listed here, go to a college website listed
below to find how the source should be cited.
Kate Turabian wrote a research paper guide called Student's
Guide for Writing College Papers. Her book contains many examples
about how to give credit to an author if their information is used by a student in a
school paper. The Turabian Style is also
called the Chicago Style.End Notes:
Direct or indirect quotes of information require numbered end notes listed after the last
page of the text of a report or essay.
Bibliography: All applicable sources read for a report or
essay should be included in a bibliography at the end of the report. |
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Citation Links:
Fifth
Grade BibliographyFollow humanities
examples at college websites. Many colleges and universities have web pages about
citations. These are just a few links for your convenience. In grade five we only expect basic citations from common sources used in
elementary school research.
California State University, Los Angeles: Chicago Manual of Style
Florida State
University: Chicago Manual of Style Documentation
Long Island University:
Chicago Citation Style - color coded and easy to follow
Ohio State University Turabian Guide
Ohio State University Net Tutor - see examples with parts labeled
links
Western
Washington University: Quick Reference Guide to the Chicago Manual of Style -
distinction between notes and bibliography
Scientists have a slightly different way of citing their
sources. Psychologists have another style called APA, and there is even one called MLA - Modern Language Association. Don't get too worried about
all of the differences you might see on the Internet. All of
the citation styles try to tell the same information: who wrote it, what was the
title, who published it, where it was published, and when it was written. |
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